| Noun | 1. | redundancy - repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission |
| 2. | redundancy - the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded; "the use of industrial robots created redundancy among workers" Synonyms: redundance | |
| 3. | redundancy - (electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails | |
| 4. | redundancy - repetition of an act needlessly |
REDUNDANCY. Matter introduced in an answer, or pleading, which is foreign to
the bill or articles.
2. In the case of Dysart v. Dysart, 3 Curt. Ecc. R. 543, in giving the
judgment of the court, Dr. Lushington says: "It may not, perhaps, be easy to
define the meaning of this term [redundant] in a short sentence, but the
true meaning I take to be this: the respondent is not to insert in his
answer any matter foreign to the articles he is called upon to answer,
although such matter may be admissible in a plea; but he may, in his answer,
plead matter by way of explanation pertinent to the articles, even if such
matter shall be solely in his own knowledge and to such extent incapable of
proof; or he may state matter which can be substantiated by witnesses; but
in this latter instance, if such matter be introduced into the answer and
not afterwards put in the plea or proved, the court will give no weight or
credence to such part of the answer."
3. A material distinction is to be observed between redundancy in the
allegation and redundancy in the proof. In the former case, a variance
between the allegation and the proof will be fatal if the redundant
allegations are descriptive of that which is essential. But in the latter
case, redundancy cannot vitiate, because more is proved than is alleged,
unless the matter superfluously proved goes to contradict some essential
part of the allegation. 1 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 67; 1 Stark. Ev. 401.