Proof

Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.

For whatsoever mother wit or art
Could work, he put in proof.

- Spenser.

You shall have many proofs to show your skill.

- Ford.

Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced, called the proof.

- Ure.

That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.

I'll have some proof.

- Shak.

It is no proof of a man's understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases.

- Emerson.

The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.

Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.

(Print.) A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; - called also proof sheet.

(Math.) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Cf. Prove, v. t., 5.

Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof.

Artist's proof
a very early proof impression of an engraving, or the like; - often distinguished by the artist's signature.

Proof reader
one who reads, and marks correction in, proofs. See def. 5, above.

Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.

Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm; waterproof; bombproof.

I . . . have found thee
Proof against all temptation.

- Milton.

This was a good, stout proof article of faith.

- Burke.

Being of a certain standard as to strength; - said of alcoholic liquors.

Proof charge
(Firearms) a charge of powder and ball, greater than the service charge, fired in an arm, as a gun or cannon, to test its strength.

Proof impression
See under Impression.

Proof load
(Engin.) the greatest load than can be applied to a piece, as a beam, column, etc., without straining the piece beyond the elastic limit.

Proof sheet
See Proof, n., 5.

Proof spirit

(Chem.) a strong distilled liquor, or mixture of alcohol and water, containing not less than a standard amount of alcohol. In the United States "proof spirit is defined by law to be that mixture of alcohol and water which contains one half of its volume of alcohol, the alcohol when at a temperature of 60° Fahrenheit being of specific gravity 0.7939 referred to water at its maximum density as unity. Proof spirit has at 60° Fahrenheit a specific gravity of 0.93353, 100 parts by volume of the same consisting of 50 parts of absolute alcohol and 53.71 parts of water," the apparent excess of water being due to contraction of the liquids on mixture. In England proof spirit is defined by Act 58, George III., to be such as shall at a temperature of 51° Fahrenheit weigh exactly the second, third, and fourth proof spirits respectively.

Proof staff
a straight-edge used by millers to test the flatness of a stone.

Proof stick
(Sugar Manuf.) a rod in the side of a vacuum pan, for testing the consistency of the sirup.

Proof text
a passage of Scripture used to prove a doctrine.

proof coin
a coin which has been specially struck, to produce the finest specimen of its type.

Noun	1.	proof - any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something; "if you have any proof for what you say, now is the time to produce it" Synonyms: cogent evidence
	2.	proof - a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it
	3.	proof - a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)
	4.	proof - (printing) an impression made to check for errors Synonyms: test copy, trial impression
	5.	proof - a trial photographic print from a negative
	6.	proof - the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something Synonyms: validation, substantiation
Verb	1.	proof - make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset
	2.	proof - knead to reach proper lightness; "proof dough"
	3.	proof - read for errors; "I should proofread my manuscripts" Synonyms: proofread
	4.	proof - activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk; "proof yeast"
	5.	proof - make resistant to water, sound, errors, etc.; "proof the materials against shrinking in the dryer"
Adj.	1.	proof - (used in combination or as a suffix) able to withstand; "temptation-proof"; "childproof locks"

PROOF, practice. The conviction or persuasion of the mind of a judge or jury, by the exhibition of evidence, of the reality of a fact alleged: as, to prove, is to determine or persuade that a thing does or does not exist. 8 Toull. n. 2; Ayl. Parerg. 442; 2 Phil. Ev. 44, n, a. Proof is the perfection of evidence, for without evidence there is no proof, although, there may be evidence which does not amount to proof: for example, a man is found murdered at a spot where another had been seen walking but a short time before, this fact would be evidence to show that the latter was the murderer, but, standing alone, would be very far from proof of it.
2. Ayliffe defines judicial proof to be a clear and evident declaration or demonstration, of a matter which was before doubtful, conveyed in a judicial manner by fit and proper arguments, and likewise by all other legal methods; first, by proper arguments, such as conjectures, presumptions, indicia, and other adminicular ways and means; and, secondly, by legal method, or methods according to law, such as witnesses, public instruments, end the like. Parerg. 442 Aso. & Man. Inst. B. 3, t. 7.

1.	(logic)	proof - A finite sequence of well-formed formulas, F1, F2, ... Fn, where each Fi either is an axiom, or follows by some rule of inference from some of the previous F's, and Fn is the statement being proved. See also proof theory.
2.		proof - A left-associative natural language parser by Craig R. Latta . Ported to Decstation 3100, Sun-4. ftp://scam.berkeley.edu/pub/src/local/proof/. E-mail: . Mailing list: proof-requestf@xcf.berkeley.edu (Subject: add me).

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