Chancellor

n.

1.

A judicial court of chancery, which in England and in the United States is distinctively a court with equity jurisdiction. Chancellor of a bishop (R. C. Ch. & ch. of Eng.) a law officer appointed to hold the bishop's court in his diocese, and to assist him in matter of ecclesiastical law. Chancellor of a cathedral one of the four chief dignitaries of the cathedrals of the old foundation, and an officer whose duties are chiefly educational, with special reference to the cultivation of theology. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster an officer before whom, or his deputy, the court of the duchy chamber of Lancaster is held. This is a special jurisdiction. Chancellor of a university the chief officer of a collegiate body. In Oxford, he is elected for life; in Cambridge, for a term of years; and his office is honorary, the chief duties of it devolving on the vice chancellor. Chancellor of the exchequer a member of the British cabinet upon whom devolves the charge of the public income and expenditure as the highest finance minister of the government. Chancellor of the order of the Garter an officer who seals the commissions and mandates of the chapter and assembly of the knights, keeps the register of their proceedings, and delivers their acts under the seal of their order. Lord high chancellor of England the presiding judge in the court of chancery, the highest judicial officer of the crown, and the first lay person of the state after the blood royal. He is created chancellor by the delivery into his custody of the great seal, of which he becomes keeper. He is privy counselor by his office, and prolocutor of the House of Lords by prescription.

Noun	1.	chancellor - the person who is head of state (in several countries) Synonyms: premier, prime minister
	2.	chancellor - the honorary or titular head of a university

CHANCELLOR. An officer appointed to preside over a court of chancery, invested with various powers in the several states.
     2. The office of chancellor is of Roman origin. He appears, at first, to have been a chief scribe or secretary, but he was afterwards invested with judicial power, and had superintendence over the other officers of the empire. From the Romans, the title and office passed to the church, and therefore every bishop of the catholic church has, to this day, his chancellor, the principal judge of his consistory. When the modern kingdoms of Europe were established upon the ruins of the empire, almost every state preserved its chancellor, with different jurisdictions and dignities, according to their different constitutions. In all he seems to have had a supervision of all charters, letters, and such other public instruments of the crown, as were authenticated in the most solemn manner; and when seals came into use, he had the custody of the public seal.
     3. An officer bearing this title is to be found in most countries of Europe, and is generally invested with extensive authority. The title and office of chancellor came to us from England. Many of our state constitutions provide for the appointment of this officer, who is by them, and by the law of the several states, invested with power as they provide. Vide Encyclopedie, b. t.; Encycl.. Amer. h.t.; Dict. de Jur. h.t.; Merl. Rep. h.t.; 4 Vin. Ab. 374; Blake's Ch. Index, h.t.; Woodes. Lect. 95.

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