| n. | 1. | The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. |
| 2. | (Mar. Law) The relinquishment by the insured to the underwriters of what may remain of the property insured after a loss or damage by a peril insured against. | |
| 3. | (Com. Law) The relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege, as to mill site, etc. | |
| 4. | Careless freedom or ease; abandon. |
| Noun | 1. | abandonment - the act of giving something up |
| 2. | abandonment - withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility; "his abandonment of his wife and children left them penniless" | |
| 3. | abandonment - the voluntary surrender of property (or a right to property) without attempting to reclaim it or give it away |
ABANDONMENT, contracts. In the French law, the act by which a debtor surrenders his property for the benefit of his creditors. Merl. Rep. mot Abandonment.
ABANDONMENT, contracts. In insurances the act by which the insured
relinquishes to the assurer all the property to the thing insured.
2. No particular form is required for an abandonment, nor need it be in
writing; but it must be explicit and absolute, and must set forth the
reasons upon which it is founded.
3. It must also be made in reasonable time after the loss.
4. It is not in every case of loss that the insured can abandon. In the
following cases an abandonment may be made: when there is a total loss; when
the voyage is lost or not worth pursuing, by reason of a peril insured
against or if the cargo be so damaged as to be of little or no value; or
where the salvage is very high, and further expense be necessary, and the
insurer will not engage to bear it or if what is saved is of less value than
the freight; or where the damage exceeds one half of the value of the goods
insured or where the property is captured, or even detained by an indefinite
embargo ; and in cases of a like nature.
5. The abandonment, when legally made transfers from the insured to the
insurer the property in the thing insured, and obliges him to pay to the
insured what he promised him by the contract of insurance. 3 Kent, Com. 265;
2 Marsh. Ins. 559 Pard. Dr. Coin. n. 836 et seq. Boulay Paty, Dr. Com.
Maritime, tit. 11, tom. 4, p. 215.
ABANDONMENT. In maritime contracts in the civil law, principals are generally held indefinitely responsible for the obligations which their agents have contracted relative to the concern of their commission but with regard to ship owners there is remarkable peculiarity; they are bound by the contract of the master only to the amount of their interest in the ship, and can be discharged from their responsibility by abandoning the ship and freight. Poth. Chartes part. s. 2, art. 3, Sec. 51; Ord. de la Mar. des proprietaires, art. 2; Code de Com. 1. 2, t. 2, art. 216.
ABANDONMENT, lights. The relinquishment of a right; the giving up of
something to which we are entitled.
2. Legal rights, when once vested, must be divested according to law,
but equitable rights may be abandoned. 2 Wash. R. 106. See 1 H. & M. 429; a
mill site, once occupied, may be abandoned. 17 Mass. 297; an application for
land, which is an inception of title, 5 S. & R. 215; 2 S. & R. 378; 1
Yeates, 193, 289; 2 Yeates, 81, 88, 318; an improvement, 1 Yeates, 515 ; 2
Yeates, 476; 5 Binn. 73; 3 S. & R. 319; Jones' Syllabus of Land Office
Titles in Pennsylvania, chap. xx; and a trust fund, 3 Yerg. 258 may be
abandoned.
3. The abandonment must be made by the owner without being pressed by
any duty, necessity or utility to himself, but simply because he wishes no
longer to possess the thing; and further it must be made without any desire
that any other person shall acquire the same; for if it were made for a
consideration, it would be a sale or barter, and if without consideration,
but with an intention that some other person should become the possessor, it
would be a gift: and it would still be a gift though the owner might be
indifferent as to whom the right should be transferred; for example, he
threw money among a crowd with intent that some one should acquire the title
to it.
ABANDONMENT, malicious. The act of a husband or wife, who leaves his or her
consort willfully, and with an intention of causing perpetual separation.
2. Such abandonment, when it has continued the length of time required
by the local statutes, is sufficient cause for a divorce. Vide 1 Hoff. R.
47; Divorce.
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