Phrenology

Phre`nol´o`gy

n.	1.	The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.
	2.	In popular usage, the physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.

Noun

phrenology - a now abandoned study of the shape of skull as indicative of the strengths of different faculties